How do the languages that we speak affect numerical processing and mathematics achievement?

A growing body of research suggests that different aspects of language influence the way we think about, represent, and apply numbers and mathematical concepts. One aspect of language that has repeatedly been shown to affect numerical processing concerns the way numbers are named. Indeed, number-naming systems vary significantly across languages. For example, in English, two-digit numbers above twenty are named in the same order as they are written: first the tens and then the units (“forty-eight”). In Dutch or German, however, it is the opposite (“48” in Dutch or German is named “eight and forty”). Increasingly more studies show that such irregularities in number words can be a stumbling block for children’s mathematical development and can even affect numerical processing in adulthood. Given that bi- and multilingualism is becoming increasingly common in our globalised world, considering how language influences the processing of numerical information in bilingual speakers and second-language learners becomes increasingly relevant. This project aims at increasing our understanding into how the languages that we speak affect numerical and mathematical development which will in turn inform interventional approaches for multi-lingual language contexts and enhance educational practice. The successful applicant will join the vibrant community of the Centre for Mathematical Cognition, one of the world's leading research centres for the study of mathematics education and numerical thinking. The Centre for Mathematical Cognition brings together academics who conduct research in three different areas: basic research on mathematical cognition, the design of research-based educational resources, and the evaluation of educational interventions. This project might be a suitable topic to form the basis of an application to the ESRC Midlands Graduate School's Open Studentship scheme (deadlines are typically in January) via the education pathway. 94% of Loughborough’s research impact is rated world-leading or internationally excellent. REF 2021

The standard University IELTS English language requirement is 6.5 overall with 6.0 in each individual element (reading, writing, listening and speaking).

International students: £23,100

UK students: £5,238

UK/Home: £5,238

International: £23,100

October 2026, February 2027, July 2027

7 January 2027

• Loughborough, United Kingdom